In this article, you will learn
- how to create a characterization profile,
- which setting options are available,
- which additional options are available in Expert Mode.
1. Introduction
The Create Characterization Profile step is the final substep within characterization. The purpose of this substep is to define the parameters for profile calculation based on the measurement data, and to calculate the characterization profile together with all additional DeviceLink profiles. The result is a color policy that can subsequently be used in the $PRODUCT_NAME_WORKFLOW application for color space transformation of print data during rendering.
Creating a Characterization
For information on how characterization is integrated into the profiling project workflow and which substeps must be completed, see the Creating a Characterization article.
2. Setting Options
The Create Characterization Profile dialog is divided into two areas:
- Variations – this area displays all previously created variations. New variations can be added or existing variations can be deleted. A variation ultimately corresponds to a color policy that can be selected in the application.
- Setting Options – this area displays all setting options for creating the characterization profile.
Figure 1: The Create Characterization Profile dialog in Standard Mode
2.1. Variations
Each variation generates its own color policy based on the same measurement data and individual separation settings.
The following options are available in the Variations area:
- Add [2] – click this button to create a new variation. The separation settings used to generate the color policy can be quickly defined by selecting a Template [5].
- Delete [3] – click this button to delete the selected variation.
- Duplicate [1] – click this button to duplicate the selected variation, including all of its separation settings.
- List of Variations [4] – displays all created variations, including their name, creator, creation date and creation time, and the status Success if the characterization profile for the variation has already been calculated.
When the dialog is opened for the first time, an application automatically creates a Temporary Variation in which all settings can be configured. Clicking Create Characterization Profile starts the calculation. Clicking Cancel discards the temporary variation.
Completed Variations Cannot Be Edited
Please note that a completed variation can no longer be edited. To use the settings of a completed variation as the starting point for a new variation, the variation must be duplicated.
2.2. "General" Tab
The following setting options are available in the General tab in Standard Mode:
- Color Policy Name [6] – enter the name of the color policy to be created. Use Insert Placeholder to insert placeholders – for example
${printer.name},${substrate.name}, and${global.current_date}– which are automatically populated when the color policy is created. A preview of the resolved name is displayed below the input field. - Comment [7] – optionally enter a comment for the variation. Placeholders can also be used in this input field, for example, to automatically generate a description containing individual parameters of the variation.
Figure 2: The General tab of the Create Characterization Profile dialog in Standard Mode
2.3. Additional Options in Expert Mode
Expert Mode [8] can also be enabled in the upper-right area of the dialog. This displays the additional Separation Parameter, Gamut Adjustment, Spot Colors and Additional Parameters tabs, as well as additional setting options in the General tab.
As the name suggests, this option is intended for users who need more control over the profile calculation. However, all settings required to create the characterization profile are already available in Standard Mode.
2.3.1. "General" Tab
With Expert Mode enabled, the following additional setting options are available in the General tab:
- CMYK Working Color Space [9] – defines the ICC profile used as the CMYK working color space for the DeviceLink profile calculation. Click + button to upload an additional ICC print profile.
- RGB Working Color Space [10] – defines the ICC profile used as the RGB working color space for the DeviceLink profile calculation. Click + button to upload an additional ICC RGB profile.
Figure 3: The General tab with Expert Mode enabled
2.3.2. "Separation Parameter" Tab
The following setting options are available in the Separation Parameter tab in Expert Mode:
- GCR [11] – defines the extent to which chromatic colors are replaced with black (Gray Component Replacement). The value can be set between 0% and 100% using the slider or input field. The default value is 50%. For more information about this parameter, see the GCR article.
- Black Start [12] – defines the tone value at which the black channel begins to build up during separation. The value can be set between 0% and 100% using the slider or input field. The default value is 30%. For more information about this parameter, see the Black Start article.
- Black Point Compensation (BPC) [13] – defines the extent to which the black point of the source color space is adapted to the black point of the printing system. The default value is 50%. The value can be set between 0% and 100% using the slider or input field. For more information about this parameter, see the Black Point Compensation (BPC) article.
- White Point Compensation for CMYK [14] – defines the extent to which the white point for CMYK color values is interpolated between the white point of the reference color space and the paper white of the substrate. The default value is 30%. The scale between White Point: Reference Color Space and Substrate [15] is displayed below the slider. The reference white point is calculated from the selected CMYK working color space, while the paper white is determined from the measurement data of the unprinted substrate. For more information about this parameter, see the White Point Compensation article.
- White Point Compensation for RGB [16] – defines the extent to which the white point for RGB color values is interpolated between the white point of the reference color space and the paper white of the substrate. The default value is 30%. The scale between the White Point: Reference Color Space and Substrate [17] is displayed below the slider. The reference white point is calculated from the selected RGB working color space, while the paper white is determined from the measurement data of the unprinted substrate. For more information about this parameter, see the White Point Compensation article.
- Priority of the separation order [18] – defines the order in which the color channels are prioritized during separation. The available options are CMYK and KCMY. If CMYK is selected, gray tones are preferentially built using Cyan. If KCMY is selected, gray tones are preferentially built using K. For more information about this parameter, see the Priority of the separation order article.
Figure 4: The Separation Parameter tab in Expert Mode
When Do I Need to Change the "White Point Compensation for RGB" Option?
Change this value only if you need to output RGB data and "RGB to Substrate" is selected under "Color Space Conversion" in the output configuration. If you have selected "CMYK Working Color Space" under "Color Space Conversion", this value has no effect when converting RGB data to the substrate profile.
2.3.3. "Gamut Adjustment" Tab
The following setting options are available in the Gamut Adjustment tab in Expert Mode:
- Keep Colors pure and increase Saturation [19] – enable the Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, or Black options to keep the respective primary colors pure during separation, thereby increasing their saturation. Keeping the primary colors pure is therefore an important parameter if you want to achieve a more visually vivid appearance with more saturated colors in the print.
- Use Black Start even for Pure Black [20] – enable this option to apply the black start defined in the Separation Parameter tab to pure black as well. This option is enabled by default.
- Gamut Expansion [21] – defines the extent to which the color gamut is expanded during color space conversion from the source color space to the target color space. The default value is 0%. For more information about this parameter, see the Gamut Expansion article.
- Enable Gray-Axis Correction [22] – enable this option to selectively shift the gray axis of the color policy in a specific direction or to correct a color cast in the gray tones. When enabled, two additional sliders are displayed. The Green–Red slider [23] shifts the gray axis along the a axis, while the Yellow–Blue slider [24] shifts it along the b axis of the Lab color space. The value is specified in ΔE₀₀. The default value is 0. For more information about this parameter, see the Gray-Axis Correction article.
Figure 5: The Gamut Adjustment tab in Expert Mode with Gray-Axis Correction enabled
Do You Want to Achieve a More Vivid or Saturated Appearance in Print?
The most effective way to achieve this is to enable all primary colors under the Keep Colors pure and increase Saturation option and additionally set the Gamut Expansion value to 100%.
Please note, however, that this effect is only clearly visible if the generated substrate profile (target color space) has a larger gamut than the reference profile (CMYK working color space). Substrate profiles with a smaller gamut than the reference profile cannot produce more "saturated" prints.
2.3.4. "Spot Colors" Tab
The Spot Colors tab is used to define the separation settings for converting spot colors to the target color space.
The following setting options are available in the Spot Colors tab in Expert Mode:
- Total Area Coverage [26] – defines the maximum total area coverage for the separation of spot colors.
- Black Start Threshold [25] – defines the tone value at which the black channel is used when separating spot colors. This allows you to control precisely how spot colors such as PANTONE Cool Gray are built up in print, thereby reducing "noise" in solid color areas.
- Minimum Print Value per Output Channel [27] – defines the minimum tone value that must be reached for each color before the corresponding channel is used in the separation. A value of 2% is a good starting point for avoiding unnecessary "noise" in lighter tones.
- Separation Method [28] – defines the method used to separate spot colors. The following options are available:
- Lowest ∆E – the spot color is separated with the smallest possible color difference (∆E) from its target value. All available output channels are used, up to the number specified under Max. Color Channels.
- Visually – the spot color is separated to achieve a visually uniform color tone. The solid color tone is calculated for the best possible match. The gradations of the spot color use the same output channels as the solid color tone, even if this does not result in the lowest possible color difference for every gradation.
Important: For chromatic and light spot colors, there is no difference between the Lowest ∆E and Visually methods. For darker spot colors, the Visually method provides better hue consistency, even though a lower ∆E value could be achieved by adding Black. - CMYK only – the spot color is separated exclusively into the Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black channels. Additional channels for gamut-extending colors are not used, regardless of the resulting color difference.
- Minimum number of channels up to ∆E value – the spot color is separated using as few output channels as possible. The number of channels is gradually reduced as long as the color difference does not exceed the specified ∆E Threshold.
- CMYK only up to ∆E value – the spot color is separated into the Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black channels as long as the color difference does not exceed the specified ∆E Threshold. Additional color channels are used only if the color difference exceeds the threshold.
- Max. Color Channels [29] – defines the maximum number of color channels that may be used for the separation of a spot color.
Figure 6: The Spot Colors tab in Expert Mode
2.3.5. "Additional Parameters" Tab
The Additional Parameters tab is divided into three sections: Advanced Profiling Settings, Measurement Data Correction and Overprint Rules.
The following setting options are available in this tab:
- Illumination [31] – defines the illuminant used for profile calculation. The following options are available:
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- Observer [30] – defines the standard observer used for profile calculation. The available options are
2°and10°. - Profile accuracy [33] – defines the accuracy with which the profile is calculated. The following options are available:
- Low – 5 fulcrums – the profile is calculated using five fulcrums per color channel. This option is suitable for fast calculations with lower requirements for color accuracy.
- Medium – 9 fulcrums – the profile is calculated using nine fulcrums per color channel.
- High – 21 fulcrums – the profile is calculated using 21 fulcrums per color channel. This option is selected by default and provides a balanced ratio between color accuracy and calculation time.
- Maximum – 27 fulcrums – the profile is calculated using 27 fulcrums per color channel. This option provides the highest color accuracy, but requires the longest calculation time and produces the largest profile file.
- Total Area Coverage [32] – defines the maximum total area coverage for profile calculation. Use this option if you determine at a later stage that the total area coverage selected in the Total Area Coverage Reduction step is too high and needs to be limited further for any reason.
- Correct outliers [34] – enable this option to automatically detect and correct outliers in the measurement data during profile calculation. A maximum of three consecutive outliers can be corrected.
- Measurement Data Smoothness [35] – defines the degree to which the measurement data is smoothed before the profile is calculated. The following options are available:
- Without – the measurement data is used without smoothing.
- Low – a low degree of smoothing is applied (default setting).
- Medium – a medium degree of smoothing is applied.
- Strong – a strong degree of smoothing is applied.
- Overprint Rules [36] – defines in a matrix which overprint combinations of color channels may be taken into account during profile calculation. Click a cell in the matrix to change its value. The following values are available:
ALL– the overprint combination of the two color channels is considered in the profile calculation using all available overprint information, including solid colors and tone value gradations.SOLID– the two color channels overprint only with solid colors. Only the solid-color overprints of this combination are considered in the profile calculation.–– the two color channels do not overprint. This overprint combination is not considered in the profile calculation.
Figure 7: The Additional Parameters tab in Expert Mode
Article update: $PRODUCT_NAME_WORKFLOW 2.3.0 – 08/2026






